Concentred Solar 101
Source - Puerified Energy Source WIKI ( PESWIKI )
Amonix
Amonix - High Concentration Photovoltaic (HCPV) power generation systems for large commercial and utility scale applications offer significant cost savings by using inexpensive flat, plastic Fresnel lenses to concentrate sunlight approximately 500 times. The Amonix high-concentration silicon solar cell holds the world record for the performance of a cell manufactured in a commercial environment (26.5% efficiency).
Concentrix
Concentrix Solar GmbH - FLATCON®, uses concentrator PV modules to focus sunlight on high-performance solar cells, which then directly convert solar energy into electricity. Fresnel lenses focus direct sunlight through a 2mm-diameter focal x`point, concentrating the sunlight by a factor of 500.
Green and Gold Energy SunCube
SolarCube™ by Green and Gold Energy - Award-winning solar technology uses Fresnel lenses to focus sun's energy onto photovoltaic cells. 5.8 cents per kWh. Commercial product release slated for 2008. (http://www.greenandgoldenergy.com.au/)
Infinia
Infinia Corp's Stirling Solar Technology' - Infinia's solar technology entails a parabolic dish that focuses the sun's energy onto their stirling engine that uses helium in a hermetically sealed system, requiring no lubrication inside the machine, nor maintenance. (PESWiki; Feb. 21, 2008)
SOL3G
SOL3G Spanish company manufacturing solar photovoltaic concentrators using 32% efficient triple junction cells. System is commerically available in MW quantities in 2008.
SolFocus
SolFocus combines the record-setting efficiency of triple-junction solar cells with the tremendous power of tailored imaging optics. The current designs of SolFocus promise to deliver the lowest cost per Watt of installed energy as well as the lowest cost per kW/h of any solar PV design for the foreseeable future. Company is shipping product in MW quantities in 2008.
Pacific SolarTech
Pacific SolarTech - Concentrator photovoltaic modules for utility-scale, remote and grid-connected systems use dome-shaped lenses to concentrate sunlight 10x onto small solar cells (1/10 of the lens size). This reduces the requisite amount of silicone, making solar power affordable. Dome-shaped lenses can catch diffuse light and redirect it to the solar cells with a fixed, non-tracking mount for rooftop applications.
Concentrating Photovoltiac Systems (Commercially Availablity Expected in 2009)
Top 100: Solar > Concentrated > Cool Earth Solar > Interview: Cool Earth Solar's Answer to Global Energy Crisis - In 1-hour interview, CEO, Rob Lamkin, discusses how his company's inflatable solar concentrator technology slashes materials costs, making solar farms able to compete with natural gas plants, and eventually even coal plants. Commercial deployment expected next year (2009); could satisfy a large portion of Gore's 10-years-to-100%-renewable initiative. (FreeEnergyNow; Aug. 9, 2008)
SUNRGI's Affordable CSP Solar Coming in a Year - Focusing the sun's rays 2000x and pulling the heat away from the photovoltaic cells, combined with a method of low-cost mass production, the Xtreme concentrated photovoltaics by SUNRGI are expected to produce in the range of 5-7 cents per kilowatt hour. (PESWiki; May 2, 2008)
Whitfield Solar British company developing a solar concentrated PV system using fresnel lenses and triple junction cells. Pilot systems installed in Spain in 2006. Should be available in commercial MW volumes in 2009.
Prism Solar Technologies manufactures a new type of photovoltaic module that uses transparent holographic optical elements to reduce the amount of silicon required. Spectral selection keeps it cool. Passive tracking reduces the cost.
Practical Instruments (Heliotube)
Practical Instruments - Heliotube brings together the efficiency of concentrator technology with the convenience of a traditional flat panel. Heliotube’s concentrators have integrated tracking built into the panel, enabling non-penetrating roof mounting and more uniform power throughout the day. The company's patent-pending approach uses 88% less photovoltaic material than traditional panels.
Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (in development)
Start-up: Affordable solar power possible in a year - SUNRGI's "concentrated photovoltaic" system, to be produced by mid-2009, installed at 7 cents per kilowatt hour, relies on lenses to magnify sunlight 2,000 times, letting it produce as much electricity as standard panels with a far smaller system. (USA Today; April 30, 2008)
CoolEarth Solar - Coolearth develops and owns solar power plants utilizing a proprietary concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) technology (reflective balloons). Coolearth has engineered a cost efficient power plant that competes economically with conventional fuels and received $21 million in VC funding. (Inhabitat; Feb. 4. 2008)
New Kind of Solar Plant - GreenVolts concentrated solar PV plants are being installed in California by PG&E as solar peaker plants designed to produce up to five megawatts during the peak demand at the hottest part of the day. They're composed of small mirrors that concentrate the sun's light on a small, ultra-efficient photovoltaic cell. (EcoGeek; Jul. 3, 2007)
Slicing Up Silicon for Cheaper Solar - Solaria, a startup based in Fremont, CA, intends to cut the cost of solar panels by decreasing the amount of expensive material required. It has recently started shipping its first panels to select customers. This spring the company will begin production of solar panels at a factory built to produce 25 megawatts of solar panels per year. (MIT Technology Review; March 14, 2008)
Lateral Aperture Solar Design - "Think of a sheet of glass set out to capture the sunlight; instead of letting the light pass through or reflecting it off somewhere, it captures the light inside the thickness of the pane. It then redirects it toward an edge, or a number of them, where it then emerges at a concentration ratio." (PESWiki; July 23, 2008)
Entech - Inexpensive Fresnel lenses capture the sunlight, and focus it onto small solar cells, thereby reducing electricity costs compared to conventional flat-plate (planar) solar energy approaches. Concentrating the sunlight to 20 times its normal intensity reduces the use of expensive silicon cell material by 95%.
Maxxun - Development of luminescent solar energy concentrators with special coatings to enhance the light output of these concentrators by 2-3 times. The concentrators are combined with highly efficient photovoltaic cells and it is anticipated that these systems will provide solar energy at a cost which is competitive with the grid.
Solenergy - Sunflower SRC Solar Ridge Concentrators are a simple, reliable and low cost way to generate twice as much energy as fixed modules. They have achieved a recordable 12 cents per kW-hour energy cost. Ridge concentrators do not require precise tracking, which makes them very simple in installation and reliable in operation.
Stellaris has demonstrated Concentrating Photovoltaic Glazing (CPG) can lower manufacturing costs of solar modules by more than 40% versus those of leading competitors in the solar industry. Superior encapsulation technique also increases efficiency by over 20% and provides greater protection of the photovoltaic (PV) material. Final module cost approaches $1.00/Watt.
Sliver Solar Cells - New manufacturing process developed at the Australian National University uses as little as 1/30th the amount of hyper-pure silicon as in square solar PV technology. Manufacturing plant is complete, and process testing is underway. Commercial modules projected to be available by mid 2007. The thinness of the wafers makes them flexible and both top and bottom surfaces are active
PARC - Concentrator PV (CPV) module plastic model (single tile) — reduces the size of the CPV design into a smaller, thin, flat, molded glass tile and yields an even more high-performance, cost-effective solution
Sol Solution Is developing a photovoltaic system that takes advantage of chromatic aberration called a 'Rainbow Concentrator' to separate and concentrate the solar spectrum. This will allow higher efficiencies for solar cells that are optimized for a specific range of wavelengths[1].
H2Go has committed to first generation design incorporating non-imaging compound concentrating optics employing the Spectrolab triple junction cells. The concentration ratio is 500 suns, allowing for passive cooling.
Infinia - 3 kW Solar Stirling product for commercial and residential users will generate electricity more efficiently and economically than Photovoltaic (PV) systems. It concentrates sunlight on a free-piston Stirling engine made from common materials using low-cost manufacturing techniques, delivering a net system efficiency of over 24%.
Sunengy Liquid Solar Array - The LSA system is based on floating solar collectors made mostly of plastic. Each has a very small area of silicon photovoltaic cells at the water surface with a large, thin plastic focussing lens rotating slowly above to track the sun. Has the potential to produce electricity for 3 US cents / kWhr.
Pyron Solar - Developed in cooperation with Boeing-Spectrolab a low-profile floating system with short-focal-length lenses concentrating direct sunlight by 400X onto photovoltaic cells. These advanced multi-junction cells produce 800 times more electricity than conventional non-concentrating cells the same size. High efficiency and low material requirements make the new system competitive with conventional power plants.
SV Solar - Silicon Valley Solar manufactures flat plate, internal concentrator solar modules, that produce 16% more power with half the solar cells. Sol-X modules do not require tracking, use no moving parts, and deliver efficiency, reliability, cost effectiveness and ease of integration.
Energy Innovations - Standing over five feet square and five feet high, the Sunflower™ has 25 mirrors that track the sun, reflecting light onto the receiver. The solarcell array turns concentrated light into electricity while fans keep operating tempuratures low.
Total Spectrum Solar Concentrator - United Innovations first concentrates the solar energy via parabolic reflectors, then splits the light through a prism to focus the wavelengths onto solar collectors optimized for a given spectrum.
Solarsphere - Technology combines elements of both direct intercept dishes and Solar Towers. The design philosophy that focuses on spheres and lightweight, thin film materials presents opportunities for concentrators that are large, cheap and mass producible.
Cool Earth Solar - Company has developed an inflatable solar concentrator technology that slashes materials costs, making solar farms competitive with commercial electricity generation systems within three years.
Israeli Solar Concept - DiSP’s unique concept in solar energy is a miniature concentrating photovoltaic (MCPV) unit that increases efficiency to 79% by capturing and transforming the sun’s heat as well. In areas of good insolation like the southwestern US, the cost could be lower than utility prices, about 15x better than flat panel photovoltaic systems. (NewEnergyNews; Nov. 25, 2007)
Cost-effective solar - Pythagoras Solar is focused on changing the economics of photovoltaic technology through innovation of the basic technical principles. The company is working to combine software models, optic design, semiconductor processes, materials science, and mass manufacturing techniques to build highly durable, cost effective solar energy products. (CNET News; Feb. 19, 2008)
SVV Technology Innovations - SVVTI has introduced cost effective "Reflective Lens" solar concentrating collectors featuring high single-stage concentration ability. The reflective array design is free from the light-dispersion effects of conventional refractive lenses, which allows for obtaining much higher efficiencies.
Solaflect Energy - By reducing the cost of heliostat mirror arrays, SunTrakker makes central receiver solar energy production economically viable - without subsidies or credits - today.
Amonix
Amonix - High Concentration Photovoltaic (HCPV) power generation systems for large commercial and utility scale applications offer significant cost savings by using inexpensive flat, plastic Fresnel lenses to concentrate sunlight approximately 500 times. The Amonix high-concentration silicon solar cell holds the world record for the performance of a cell manufactured in a commercial environment (26.5% efficiency).
Concentrix
Concentrix Solar GmbH - FLATCON®, uses concentrator PV modules to focus sunlight on high-performance solar cells, which then directly convert solar energy into electricity. Fresnel lenses focus direct sunlight through a 2mm-diameter focal x`point, concentrating the sunlight by a factor of 500.
Green and Gold Energy SunCube
SolarCube™ by Green and Gold Energy - Award-winning solar technology uses Fresnel lenses to focus sun's energy onto photovoltaic cells. 5.8 cents per kWh. Commercial product release slated for 2008. (http://www.greenandgoldenergy.com.au/)
Infinia
Infinia Corp's Stirling Solar Technology' - Infinia's solar technology entails a parabolic dish that focuses the sun's energy onto their stirling engine that uses helium in a hermetically sealed system, requiring no lubrication inside the machine, nor maintenance. (PESWiki; Feb. 21, 2008)
SOL3G
SOL3G Spanish company manufacturing solar photovoltaic concentrators using 32% efficient triple junction cells. System is commerically available in MW quantities in 2008.
SolFocus
SolFocus combines the record-setting efficiency of triple-junction solar cells with the tremendous power of tailored imaging optics. The current designs of SolFocus promise to deliver the lowest cost per Watt of installed energy as well as the lowest cost per kW/h of any solar PV design for the foreseeable future. Company is shipping product in MW quantities in 2008.
Pacific SolarTech
Pacific SolarTech - Concentrator photovoltaic modules for utility-scale, remote and grid-connected systems use dome-shaped lenses to concentrate sunlight 10x onto small solar cells (1/10 of the lens size). This reduces the requisite amount of silicone, making solar power affordable. Dome-shaped lenses can catch diffuse light and redirect it to the solar cells with a fixed, non-tracking mount for rooftop applications.
Concentrating Photovoltiac Systems (Commercially Availablity Expected in 2009)
Top 100: Solar > Concentrated > Cool Earth Solar > Interview: Cool Earth Solar's Answer to Global Energy Crisis - In 1-hour interview, CEO, Rob Lamkin, discusses how his company's inflatable solar concentrator technology slashes materials costs, making solar farms able to compete with natural gas plants, and eventually even coal plants. Commercial deployment expected next year (2009); could satisfy a large portion of Gore's 10-years-to-100%-renewable initiative. (FreeEnergyNow; Aug. 9, 2008)
SUNRGI's Affordable CSP Solar Coming in a Year - Focusing the sun's rays 2000x and pulling the heat away from the photovoltaic cells, combined with a method of low-cost mass production, the Xtreme concentrated photovoltaics by SUNRGI are expected to produce in the range of 5-7 cents per kilowatt hour. (PESWiki; May 2, 2008)
Whitfield Solar British company developing a solar concentrated PV system using fresnel lenses and triple junction cells. Pilot systems installed in Spain in 2006. Should be available in commercial MW volumes in 2009.
Prism Solar Technologies manufactures a new type of photovoltaic module that uses transparent holographic optical elements to reduce the amount of silicon required. Spectral selection keeps it cool. Passive tracking reduces the cost.
Practical Instruments (Heliotube)
Practical Instruments - Heliotube brings together the efficiency of concentrator technology with the convenience of a traditional flat panel. Heliotube’s concentrators have integrated tracking built into the panel, enabling non-penetrating roof mounting and more uniform power throughout the day. The company's patent-pending approach uses 88% less photovoltaic material than traditional panels.
Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems (in development)
Start-up: Affordable solar power possible in a year - SUNRGI's "concentrated photovoltaic" system, to be produced by mid-2009, installed at 7 cents per kilowatt hour, relies on lenses to magnify sunlight 2,000 times, letting it produce as much electricity as standard panels with a far smaller system. (USA Today; April 30, 2008)
CoolEarth Solar - Coolearth develops and owns solar power plants utilizing a proprietary concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) technology (reflective balloons). Coolearth has engineered a cost efficient power plant that competes economically with conventional fuels and received $21 million in VC funding. (Inhabitat; Feb. 4. 2008)
New Kind of Solar Plant - GreenVolts concentrated solar PV plants are being installed in California by PG&E as solar peaker plants designed to produce up to five megawatts during the peak demand at the hottest part of the day. They're composed of small mirrors that concentrate the sun's light on a small, ultra-efficient photovoltaic cell. (EcoGeek; Jul. 3, 2007)
Slicing Up Silicon for Cheaper Solar - Solaria, a startup based in Fremont, CA, intends to cut the cost of solar panels by decreasing the amount of expensive material required. It has recently started shipping its first panels to select customers. This spring the company will begin production of solar panels at a factory built to produce 25 megawatts of solar panels per year. (MIT Technology Review; March 14, 2008)
Lateral Aperture Solar Design - "Think of a sheet of glass set out to capture the sunlight; instead of letting the light pass through or reflecting it off somewhere, it captures the light inside the thickness of the pane. It then redirects it toward an edge, or a number of them, where it then emerges at a concentration ratio." (PESWiki; July 23, 2008)
Entech - Inexpensive Fresnel lenses capture the sunlight, and focus it onto small solar cells, thereby reducing electricity costs compared to conventional flat-plate (planar) solar energy approaches. Concentrating the sunlight to 20 times its normal intensity reduces the use of expensive silicon cell material by 95%.
Maxxun - Development of luminescent solar energy concentrators with special coatings to enhance the light output of these concentrators by 2-3 times. The concentrators are combined with highly efficient photovoltaic cells and it is anticipated that these systems will provide solar energy at a cost which is competitive with the grid.
Solenergy - Sunflower SRC Solar Ridge Concentrators are a simple, reliable and low cost way to generate twice as much energy as fixed modules. They have achieved a recordable 12 cents per kW-hour energy cost. Ridge concentrators do not require precise tracking, which makes them very simple in installation and reliable in operation.
Stellaris has demonstrated Concentrating Photovoltaic Glazing (CPG) can lower manufacturing costs of solar modules by more than 40% versus those of leading competitors in the solar industry. Superior encapsulation technique also increases efficiency by over 20% and provides greater protection of the photovoltaic (PV) material. Final module cost approaches $1.00/Watt.
Sliver Solar Cells - New manufacturing process developed at the Australian National University uses as little as 1/30th the amount of hyper-pure silicon as in square solar PV technology. Manufacturing plant is complete, and process testing is underway. Commercial modules projected to be available by mid 2007. The thinness of the wafers makes them flexible and both top and bottom surfaces are active
PARC - Concentrator PV (CPV) module plastic model (single tile) — reduces the size of the CPV design into a smaller, thin, flat, molded glass tile and yields an even more high-performance, cost-effective solution
Sol Solution Is developing a photovoltaic system that takes advantage of chromatic aberration called a 'Rainbow Concentrator' to separate and concentrate the solar spectrum. This will allow higher efficiencies for solar cells that are optimized for a specific range of wavelengths[1].
H2Go has committed to first generation design incorporating non-imaging compound concentrating optics employing the Spectrolab triple junction cells. The concentration ratio is 500 suns, allowing for passive cooling.
Infinia - 3 kW Solar Stirling product for commercial and residential users will generate electricity more efficiently and economically than Photovoltaic (PV) systems. It concentrates sunlight on a free-piston Stirling engine made from common materials using low-cost manufacturing techniques, delivering a net system efficiency of over 24%.
Sunengy Liquid Solar Array - The LSA system is based on floating solar collectors made mostly of plastic. Each has a very small area of silicon photovoltaic cells at the water surface with a large, thin plastic focussing lens rotating slowly above to track the sun. Has the potential to produce electricity for 3 US cents / kWhr.
Pyron Solar - Developed in cooperation with Boeing-Spectrolab a low-profile floating system with short-focal-length lenses concentrating direct sunlight by 400X onto photovoltaic cells. These advanced multi-junction cells produce 800 times more electricity than conventional non-concentrating cells the same size. High efficiency and low material requirements make the new system competitive with conventional power plants.
SV Solar - Silicon Valley Solar manufactures flat plate, internal concentrator solar modules, that produce 16% more power with half the solar cells. Sol-X modules do not require tracking, use no moving parts, and deliver efficiency, reliability, cost effectiveness and ease of integration.
Energy Innovations - Standing over five feet square and five feet high, the Sunflower™ has 25 mirrors that track the sun, reflecting light onto the receiver. The solarcell array turns concentrated light into electricity while fans keep operating tempuratures low.
Total Spectrum Solar Concentrator - United Innovations first concentrates the solar energy via parabolic reflectors, then splits the light through a prism to focus the wavelengths onto solar collectors optimized for a given spectrum.
Solarsphere - Technology combines elements of both direct intercept dishes and Solar Towers. The design philosophy that focuses on spheres and lightweight, thin film materials presents opportunities for concentrators that are large, cheap and mass producible.
Cool Earth Solar - Company has developed an inflatable solar concentrator technology that slashes materials costs, making solar farms competitive with commercial electricity generation systems within three years.
Israeli Solar Concept - DiSP’s unique concept in solar energy is a miniature concentrating photovoltaic (MCPV) unit that increases efficiency to 79% by capturing and transforming the sun’s heat as well. In areas of good insolation like the southwestern US, the cost could be lower than utility prices, about 15x better than flat panel photovoltaic systems. (NewEnergyNews; Nov. 25, 2007)
Cost-effective solar - Pythagoras Solar is focused on changing the economics of photovoltaic technology through innovation of the basic technical principles. The company is working to combine software models, optic design, semiconductor processes, materials science, and mass manufacturing techniques to build highly durable, cost effective solar energy products. (CNET News; Feb. 19, 2008)
SVV Technology Innovations - SVVTI has introduced cost effective "Reflective Lens" solar concentrating collectors featuring high single-stage concentration ability. The reflective array design is free from the light-dispersion effects of conventional refractive lenses, which allows for obtaining much higher efficiencies.
Solaflect Energy - By reducing the cost of heliostat mirror arrays, SunTrakker makes central receiver solar energy production economically viable - without subsidies or credits - today.
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